Information on nutritional supplements people with ALS have been taking

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This is a list of supplements people with ALS have reported taking. Along with each supplement, its supposed pathways of functioning are given, along with typical dosages and potential side effects. The aim is to create a specific data page on each supplement, including links to scientific research articles etc.

Substance Means of functioning Possible synergies Potential side effects Form Typical dosage
5-HTP Serotonin upregulator Risk for serotonin syndrome if many serotonin boosters are taken at the same time. Capsule 100 mg, twice a day
Acetyl L-carnitine (ALCAR) Mitochondrial support Capsule
Alpha ketoglutarate (AKG) Krebs cycle support Capsule 3 - 20 g a day
Berberine Anti-microbial Capsule
AMPK activator Excessive AMPK activation may induce TDP-43 mislocalisation. Possibly detrimental in SOD1 ALS.
Curcumin Anti-inflammatory (general) Consult a doctor first if you have problems with gallbladder. Capsule 400 mg, once a day (in the morning)
Dexthromethorphan Anti-bulbar/pseudobulbar symptoms Liquid
Dichloroacetate (DCA) Glycolysis inhibitor Severe, including peripheral neuropathy if taken too much or for too long. Powder 2 g a day
European milk thistle extract Mitochondrial support Softgel 500 mg, once a day
Gastrodia elata Endothelin-1 downregulator Capsule
Ibuprofen Anti-inflammatory (general) Stomach issues that do not vanish over time. Pill 200 mg, twice a day
Inosine Axon growth stimulation Capsule 500 mg, once a day
Elevates uric acid
Leucine GDH activator Powder 1 g a day
Magnolia bark extract Anti-anxiety Capsule 30 mg, 2-4 times a day
Anti-bulbar/pseudobulbar symptoms
N-Acetyl-cysteine (NAC) Glutathione synthesis Capsule 600 mg, twice a day
Prevents TDP-43 misconfiguration
Niacin (vit. B3)
Niacinamide (nicotinamide)
Nicotinamide riboside
Peony root extract
R Lipoic acid Mitochondrial support Capsule 300 mg, once a day
Resveratrol AMPK activator Excessive AMPK activation may induce TDP-43 mislocalisation. Possibly detrimental in SOD1 ALS. Capsule
Inhibits PGE2
Selenium Glutathione synthesis Pill 0.1 mg, once a day
Sodium benzoate Ammonia scavenger Needs arginine supplementation to be fully effective Powder 2-4 g a day (?)
Taurine
Trimethylglycide (TMG) Homocysteine suppression Capsule 750 mg, twice a day
Ubiquinol (COQ-10) Mitochondrial support Capsule 100 mg, once a day
Vitamin D Anti-inflammatory (general)
Vitamin K Calcium management
Zinc gluconate Copper inhibitor Copper deficiency if taken in excess. GDH downregulation? Capsule 25 mg, three times a day