Editing Curcumin

[[Information on nutritional supplements people with ALS have been taking]]

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curcumin Wikipedia page]

Curcumin is a bright yellow colored component of the Indian spice turmeric, a key ingredient in curry. Curcumin has poor bioavailability. It can be significantly improved by:
* concomitant administration of piperine [6]. Caution: Piperine can alter pharmacological dynamics such as  half-life time of many prescription medicines and other substances.
* Another method to increase bioavailability is to dissolve it in fat or oil before consumption. Cooking food with turmeric as spice, using fat or oil and pepper supposedly increase curcumin utilization.
* [http://www.lifeextension.com/ Life Extension Foundation] [http://www.lifeextension.com/Magazine/2007/10/report_curcumin/Page-01 claims] that 0.4 g of their optimized curcumin product called BCM-95 (said to contain some other components from turmeric in addition to curcumin) produces the same amount of bioavailable curcumin as 2.5 g of plain curcumin.
* [https://www.thorne.com/ Thorne Research] has curcumin complexed with phosphatidylcholine (PC) for what they claim optimal absorption, sustained-release version is known with name Meriva-SR. 

Habitual usage of turmeric in oily food with pepper, together with highly-absorbable curcumin supplements may maximize amount of curcumin.

== Effect of curcumin on ALS ==

[http://www.aimsci.org/?page_id=764 Curcumin is an antioxidant] and a strong inducer of heat shock response.{{#pmid:17191135|Calabrese2006}} It attenuates glutamate-induced HT22 cell death by suppressing MAP kinase signaling.{{#pmid:17131042|Suh2007}} and inhibits neuroglial cell proliferation and growth.{{#pmid:15073579|Ambegaokar2003}} In a study made on lipopolysaccharide affected rats, valproic acid was found to potentiate the neuroprotective effect of curcumin.{{#pmid:25374508|Zaky2014}} Another study{{#pmid:18420184|Wang2008}} suggested that the neuroprotective effect of curcumin against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity might be mediated via BDNF/TrkB mediated pathway.

Curcumin is a biologically active iron chelator.{{#pmid:18815282|Jiao2009}} 

==Cautions and risks==
Curcumin inhibits proteasome{{#pmid:27110686|Weisberg2016}}, which may have a negative effect on the cell cleanup function. 

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== Pubmed link collection at Studies on ALS ==

* [http://alsanesthetics.org/research/solving-the-puzzle/potential-therapeutics-foci-of-intervention/86-turmeric Turmeric]

== Regulated pathways ==

Inactivates JNK and p38.{{#pmid:17131042|Suh2007}} Upregulates p21cip1.{{#pmid:17131042|Suh2007}} Downregulates cyclin D1.{{#pmid:17131042|Suh2007}}

== Where to get it ==

* [http://www.lifeextension.com/vitamins-supplements/item00407/super-bio-curcumin lifeextension.com]
* [https://www.thorne.com/products/dp/meriva-sr-reg Thorne Research]

== References ==

[[Category:Supplement data pages]]
[[Category:Anti-inflammatory supplements]]