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''Five articles, including one cohort study and seven case-control studies, and a total of 431,943 participants, were identified. The odds ratio for the association between alcohol consumption and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was 0.57 (95 % confidence interval 0.51-0.64). ... '''Alcohol consumption reduced the risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis compared with non-drinking'''. Alcohol, therefore, has a potentially neuroprotective effect on the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.''{{#pmid:27103621|Yu2016}}
 
''Five articles, including one cohort study and seven case-control studies, and a total of 431,943 participants, were identified. The odds ratio for the association between alcohol consumption and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was 0.57 (95 % confidence interval 0.51-0.64). ... '''Alcohol consumption reduced the risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis compared with non-drinking'''. Alcohol, therefore, has a potentially neuroprotective effect on the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.''{{#pmid:27103621|Yu2016}}
 
''Several studies have revealed that '''acute ethanol inhibits the function of glutamate receptors'''. Glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity, such as N-methyl-D-aspartate-dependent long-term potentiation, is also inhibited by ethanol. However, the inhibition seems to be restricted to certain brain areas such as the hippocampus, amygdala and striatum. Ethanol inhibition of glutamate receptors generally requires relatively high concentrations and may therefore explain consequences of severe ethanol intoxication such as impairment of motor performance and memory. Effects of ethanol on glutamate system of developing nervous system may have a role in causing foetal alcohol syndrome. Newly found regulatory proteins of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid AMPA receptors seem to affect ethanol inhibition thus opening new lines of research.'' {{#pmid:22429661|moykkynen2012}}
 
  
 
==Cautions and risks==
 
==Cautions and risks==

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