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− | [[Information on nutritional supplements people with ALS have been taking]]
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| == Alcohol (ethyl alcohol) and ALS== | | == Alcohol (ethyl alcohol) and ALS== |
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− | "The authors performed a population-based case-control study in the Netherlands between 2006 and 2009, including 494 patients with incident ALS and 1,599 controls. ... Current alcohol consumption was associated with a reduced risk of ALS (incident patient group: odds ratio = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.40, 0.75)."{{#pmid:22791740|deJong2012}} | + | "Five articles, including one cohort study and seven case-control studies, and a total of 431,943 participants, were identified. The odds ratio for the association between alcohol consumption and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was 0.57 (95 % confidence interval 0.51-0.64). ... Alcohol consumption reduced the risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis compared with non-drinking. Alcohol, therefore, has a potentially neuroprotective effect on the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis."{{#pmid:27103621|Yu2016}} |
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− | ''Five articles, including one cohort study and seven case-control studies, and a total of 431,943 participants, were identified. The odds ratio for the association between alcohol consumption and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was 0.57 (95 % confidence interval 0.51-0.64). ... '''Alcohol consumption reduced the risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis compared with non-drinking'''. Alcohol, therefore, has a potentially neuroprotective effect on the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.''{{#pmid:27103621|Yu2016}}
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− | ''Several studies have revealed that '''acute ethanol inhibits the function of glutamate receptors'''. Glutamate receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity, such as N-methyl-D-aspartate-dependent long-term potentiation, is also inhibited by ethanol. However, the inhibition seems to be restricted to certain brain areas such as the hippocampus, amygdala and striatum. Ethanol inhibition of glutamate receptors generally requires relatively high concentrations and may therefore explain consequences of severe ethanol intoxication such as impairment of motor performance and memory. Effects of ethanol on glutamate system of developing nervous system may have a role in causing foetal alcohol syndrome. Newly found regulatory proteins of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid AMPA receptors seem to affect ethanol inhibition thus opening new lines of research.'' {{#pmid:22429661|moykkynen2012}}
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| ==Cautions and risks== | | ==Cautions and risks== |
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| * Glutamate antagonist | | * Glutamate antagonist |
| * GABA agonist | | * GABA agonist |
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− | Yet, ''it seems that the most important neuroadaptive changes in progression from occasional alcohol intake to dependence are the down-regulation of the dopamine and gamma aminobutyric acid systems, permanent upregulation in the glutamate system and dysregulation in the stress systems (corticotropin-releasing hormone and serotonin) of the brain.'' {{#pmid:28291298|esel2017}}
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| ==Possible synergies== | | ==Possible synergies== |
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| * synergistic with glycine. | | * synergistic with glycine. |
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− | 031 reduction of about 74 in tumor cell proliferation was achieved over an average of 22 days of dosing <a href=https://doxycycline.buzz>doxycycline hyc 100 mg</a>
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
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− | [[Category:Supplement data pages]]
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