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In animals, melatonin, N-acetyl-5-methoxy tryptamine, is a hormone produced and secreted by the pineal gland. It is involved in the synchronization of the circadian rhythms of e.g. sleep and blood pressure. | In animals, melatonin, N-acetyl-5-methoxy tryptamine, is a hormone produced and secreted by the pineal gland. It is involved in the synchronization of the circadian rhythms of e.g. sleep and blood pressure. | ||
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin Wikipedia] | [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin Wikipedia] | ||
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== Effects on ALS == | == Effects on ALS == | ||
− | In ALS, the most promising effects of melatonin are those of blocking apoptotic pathways and reducing oxidative damage caused by free radicals by scavenging. The mechanisms of melatonin antiapoptotic effects are not completely clear, although the mitochondria have been identified as its target. | + | In ALS, the most promising effects of melatonin are those of blocking apoptotic pathways and reducing oxidative damage caused by free radicals by scavenging. The mechanisms of melatonin antiapoptotic effects are not completely clear, although the mitochondria have been identified as its target. [1],[2] |
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== Cautions == | == Cautions == | ||
− | Can cause some side effects including headache, short-term feelings of depression, daytime sleepiness, dizziness, stomach cramps, and irritability. Do not drive or use machinery for four to five hours after taking melatonin. (Source: [http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-940-melatonin.aspx?activeingredientid=940 WebMD]) Can cause reduced blood flow and hypothermia (in the elderly). In auto-immune disorders, it is unclear whether melatonin may either ameliorate or exacerbate symptoms due to immunomodulation. | + | Can cause some side effects including headache, short-term feelings of depression, daytime sleepiness, dizziness, stomach cramps, and irritability. Do not drive or use machinery for four to five hours after taking melatonin. (Source: [http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-940-melatonin.aspx?activeingredientid=940 WebMD]) Can cause reduced blood flow and hypothermia (in the elderly). In auto-immune disorders, it is unclear whether melatonin may either ameliorate or exacerbate symptoms due to immunomodulation. Melatonin can lower FSH levels, and its effects on human reproduction remain unclear. Anticoagulants and other substances are known to interact with melatonin. (Source: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin Wikipedia]) |
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− | + | == References == | |
− | + | [1] de Paula, C. Z., Gonçalves, B. D. C., & Vieira, L. B. (2015). An Overview of Potential Targets for Treating Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Huntington’s Disease. BioMed Research International. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/198612] | |
− | [[ | + | [2] Weishaupt JH, Bartels C, Pölking E, Dietrich J, Rohde G, Poeggeler B, Mertens N, Sperling S, Bohn M, Hüther G, Schneider A, Bach A, Sirén AL, Hardeland R, Bähr M, Nave KA, Ehrenreich H (2006). Reduced oxidative damage in ALS by high-dose enteral melatonin treatment. J Pineal Res., 41(4), 313–23. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17014688] |